Contingency Table
This Contingency Table Calculator helps you analyze the relationship between two categorical variables by creating a cross-tabulation of their frequencies. It organizes data into a matrix format showing how different categories of one variable relate to categories of another variable. For example, you can analyze relationships between gender and voting preferences, education level and employment status, or any pair of categorical variables to understand their associations and patterns. Click here to populate the sample data for a quick example.
Quick Calculator
Need a quick calculation? Enter your numbers below:
Calculator
1. Load Your Data
2. Select Two Columns
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Understanding Contingency Tables
What is a Contingency Table?
A contingency table, also known as a cross tabulation or crosstab, is a type of table in a matrix format that displays the frequency distribution of variables. It's used to record and analyze the relationship between two or more categorical variables.
Count Analysis
Shows the raw frequency of each combination of categories. This is the most basic form of contingency table analysis.
Percentage Analysis
Converts frequencies to percentages, showing proportional relationships:
- Row percentages (within each row)
- Column percentages (within each column)
- Total percentages (of grand total)
Tips for Interpretation
Look for:
- Patterns in the data
- Unexpected high/low values
- Row/column trends
- Overall distributions
Consider:
- Sample size adequacy
- Missing data patterns
- Practical significance
- Context of the data
Market Research Example: Smartphone Brand Preference
A smartphone company surveyed 1000 participants about their age group and preferred brand.
Frequency Distribution
| Age Group | BrandA | BrandB | BrandC | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18-24 | 80 | 100 | 60 | 10 |
| 25-34 | 120 | 90 | 70 | 20 |
| 35-44 | 100 | 70 | 80 | 50 |
| 45+ | 60 | 40 | 30 | 20 |
Brand Preferences by Age Group (Absolute Numbers)
Brand Preferences by Age Group (Percentage)
Key Insights:
- BrandA is most popular with the 25-34 age group.
- BrandB is favored by the 18-24 age group.
- Older age groups (35+) show more diverse preferences.
This contingency table helps the company understand how brand preferences vary across age groups, informing targeted marketing strategies and product development.